Fluoroalkylene alcohols and esters

ABSTRACT

Fluorocompounds of the formula CH CH2(CH2CH2)nRfCH2OR in which Rf is a perfluoroalkylene radical of no more than 18 carbon atoms and R is a hydrogen atom or acyl radical. These monomers can be polymerized with a free radical catalyst to give OR THE COMPOUNDS CAN BE REACTED WITH *SiH to give the corresponding substituted silicon atom.

O United States Patent [1 1 in] 3,715,387 Pierce et al. [4 1 Feb. 6, 1973 [54] F LUOROALKYLENE ALCOHOLS AND [56] References Cited ESTERS UNITED STATES PATENTS [75] Inventors: Ogden R. Pierce; Yung Ki Kim, 3 285 975 11/1966 Ahlb ht 260,488 H rec of 3,463,802 8/1969 Blake et al ..260/633 [73] Assignee: Dow Corning Corporation, Midland,

Mich. Primary ExaminerVivian Garner [22] Filed: Nov. 24, 1971 Attorney-Robert F. Fleming et a].

[21] App]. No.: 202,032 [57] ABSTRACT Remed Application Data Fluorocompounds of the formula CH=CH (CH CH ),,RBfCH OR in which R, [S a perfluoroalkylene [62] DlVlSlOIl of Ser. No. 874,411, Nov. 5, 1969, Pat. No. radical of no more than 18 carbon atoms and R is a hydrogen atom or acyl radical. These monomers can bl 'd'thf d'ltltt' 52 U.S.Cl. ..260/488 H, 106/316, 260/465, R, ymeize a tee ca ays 260/408, 260/465.4, 260/465.6, 260/475 F, ""Iibfil 260/484 A, 260/484 R, 260/488 CD, (CHCHMRCHOR 260/488 J, 260/490, 260/561 HL, 260/615 BF, 260/618 D, 260/633, 260/634 or the com d b poun s can e reacted with -S1H to give [51] Int. Cl. ..C07c 33/10, C07c 69/14 the corresponding Substituted Silicon atom [58] Field of Search ..260/488 H, 633

3 Claims, N0 Drawings FLUOROALKYLENE ALCOHOLS AND ESTERS This is a division of application Ser. No. 874,411, filed Nov. 5, I969 now U.S. Pat. No. 3,681,41 8.

This invention relates to organofunctional fluoroalkylene compounds. In one aspect, the invention relates to vinyl polymers. in another aspect, the invention relates to organofunctional silicon compounds.

The novel fluoroalkylene compounds of the invention re, IEBEifEFlifid .Pr,,.ths.. rma 2= CH2 CH2)7IRJCH2OR in which R, is a perfluoroalkylene radical of no more than 18 carbon atoms; R is a hydrogen atom or a iii whicifii 'ia lower alkyl radical of no more than six carbon atoms; and n is an integer having a value of from to 2.

For purposes of this invention R, can be any perfluoroalkylene radical of no more than 18 carbon atoms, for example,

" li caribeariy lower'alky'l'radieal, sires as' niethyl'lethyli butyl, isopropyl, t-butyl, or hexyl.

Thus, included within the scope of the invention are the following:

CHI=CHCHICH2CF2CH2OH,

the reduction of CH =CH(CH CH ),,R,COOR' with lithium aluminum hydride to obtain C l-l ==Cl-l( Cl-l CH ),,R CH2OH, which in turn can be ester-fled by reaction with R'COCl. The precursers to the compounds of the invention are prepared by reacting a omega-bromoperfluoroester with ethylene There; after dehydrohalogenating the resulting compound by reaction with an alkali metal alkoxide. The precurser and its preparation are described in detail in copending application Ser. No. 598,604, filed Dec. 2, 1966.

Fluoroolefins are known to react with the reducing agent, causing rearrangement of the double bond. Fo example, thereact ion of I Y V i H V I Hrc=o-c F: with LlAlHr gives HsC-C=CF see Kaufman et al., Journal of Organic Chemistry, 32, 2749, (1967).

The unsaturated products of this invention can be polymerized via the carbon-carbon double bond to produce polymers of the unit formula (omen- (CllgCHflnRrCHgO R) in which R, R a nd it are as defined above.

The polymerization of the monomer can be carried out employing free radical catalyst, for example, peroxides such as di-t-butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide and 'tertiary alkyl peroxides; azo compounds, for example,

azo-bisbutyronitile; organometallic compounds, such as tetraethyl lead; and ionizing radiation, such as high speed electrons or gamma rays. The polymerization is carried out by heating the monomer in the presence of the catalyst at temperatures of from 100 to 150 C. or above until the desired degree of polymerization is obtained.

In addition, the unsaturated monomers of the invention can be copolymerized with other monomers having aliphatic carbon-carbon unsaturation. Examples of such monomers are fluorinated olefins, such as perfluoropropylene and trifluoropropylene, trichloroethylene; acrylic ,monomers, such as methyl acrylate, methylmethacry- I late, acrylic acid and butyl acrylate; vinyl monomers,

amide and methacryl amide and nitriles, such as units can be melt spun tdform fibers dFe'sEiiaBJeaRO' 7' such as vinylchloride, vinylidene fluoride, vinyl acetate j and vinylidene chloride; olefins, such as propylene, bu-

tadie'ne, chlorobutadiene, isoprene, styrene alphamethylstyrene, vinyl toluene and ethylene; unsaturated ethers, such as vinylmethylether, the monoallylether of ethylene glycol and divinyl ether; esters such as diallylphthalate and allyl acetate; amides, such as acryl 1 form a film.

The fluoroalkylene compounds of the invention are also useful as intermediates in the preparation of organofunctional silicon compounds. The unsaturated compounds can be reacted with SiH compounds in the presence of a platinum catalyst to give E SiCl-l,Cl-l,,,,',CH,),,R,CH,OR in which R,, R and n are as defined. When a SiClH compounds are utilized as precursers, they must be reacted with to obtain organosilicone s with the ester functionalitywhich in turn can be hydrolyzed to give 2 SiCH,CH (CH,CH,),,R,CH,OH.

Thus included within the scope of the invention are silanes of the formula in which R,, R and n are as defined, R" is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent hydrocarbon radical or a monovalent halohydrocarbon radical; X is a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable radical and a is an integer having a value offrom l to 3.

The above described silanes can be hydrolyzed or cohydrolyzed with other silanes of the formula Z SiX by hydrolysis techniques well known in the art to yield siloxane polymers consisting essentially of at least one unit of the formula in which R,, R, R", n and a are as defined, any remainin g units being of the formula Z SiQ in which Z is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a monovalent hydrocarbon radical or a monovalent halohydrocarbon radical, and b is an integer having a value of from to 3.

The siloxanes can be homopolymers or they can be copolymers having various functional fluoroalkyl-containing units in combination with SiO,, ZSiO Z SiO and Z SiO units. The same or different X, R" and Z substituents can be attached to the same silicon atoms.

R" can be any monovalent hydrocarbon radical such as alkyl radicals such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, octyl, dodecyl, octadecyl, 3-methylheptyl, 6-butyloctadecyl, tertiary butyl, myricyl and 2,2-diethylpentyl; alkenyl radicals such as, vinyl, allyl, hexenyl, butenyl, 3-octenyl, 4,9-octadecadienyl and 4-nonenyl; alkynyl radicals such as propynyl, heptynyl, butynyl, decynyl; alkenynyl radicals such as l-penten-3-ynyl, Z-ethyl-lbuten-3-ynyl; cycloaliphatic radicals such as, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, propylcyclohexyl, 2,4-dimethylcyclopentyl, cyclohexenyl, bicyclo[3.l.0][3.2.l.l ]-S-nonenyl, spiro [4.5]decyl, dispiro[4. l .4.2] l-tridecenyl, decahydronaphthyl, 2,3-dihydroindyl and l,2,3,4- tetrahydronaphthyl; aryl radicals such as phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, 3-ethylphenyl, xenyl, naphthyl, anthracyl, pentacenyl, 3,4-methylethylphenyl, 9,9'-bifluoryl and 4-mterphenyl; and aralkyl radicals such as 2-phenyl-octyl, 3-methyl-2-(4-isopropylphenyl)heptyl, benzyl, 2-ethyltolyl, 2-ethyl-p-cymyl, diphenylmethyl, 4,5-diphenylpentyl, 2-phenylethyl and 2-phenylpropyl.

R" can also be any monovalent halogenated hydrocarbon group such as aliphatic groups such as chloromethyl, 3-chloropropyl, 3,3,3-trichloropropyl, perfluorovinyl, chlorooctadecyl or radicals of the formula R,CH,CH, where R, can be any perfluoroalkyl group such as trifluoromethyl, perfluoroethyl, perfluoroisobutyl, perfluoroheptyl or perfluorooctadecyl; aromatic groups such as dichlorophenyl, tetrabromoxenyl, tetrachlorophenyl, alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluorotolyl or iodonaphthyl; cycloaliphatic groups such as chlorocyclohexyl, bromocyclopentyl or chlorocyclohexenyl and aralkyl groups such as chlorobenzyl, beta- (chlorophenyl)ethyl or beta-(iodophenyl)ethyl or beta- (bromophenyl)propyl.

X can be any hydrolyzable group such as halogen atoms such as F, Cl, Br or 1; groups of the formula OZ when 2 is any hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon group such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, octadecyl, allyl, hexenyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, benzyl, beta-phenylethyl, 2chloroethyl, chlorophenyl, 3,3,3- trifluoropropyl or bromocyclohexyl; any hydrocarbon ether radical such as Z-methoxyphenyl, 2-ethoxyisopropyl, 2-butoxyisobutyl, p-methoxyphenyl or (Cl-l CH,O) CH any acyl radical such as acetyl, propionyl, benzoyl, cyclohexoyl, acrylyl, methacrylyl, stearyl, naphthoyl, trifluoroacetyl, chlorobenzoyl or bromopropionyl; or any N,N-amino radical such as dimethylamino, diethylamino, ethylmethylamino, diphenylamino, or dicyclohexylamino. X can also be any amino radical such as NR dimethylamino, diethylamino, methylphenylamino or dicyclohexylamino; any ketoxime radical of the formula ON=CM, or ON=CM' in which M is any monovalent hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon radical such as those shown for R" above and M in any divalent hydrocarbon radical both valences of which are attached to the carbon, such as hexylene, pentylene or octylene; ureido groups of the formula N(M)CONM", in which M is any monovalent hydrocarbon or halohydrocarbon radical such as those shown for R" above and M" is H or any of the M radicals; carbamate groups of the formula OOCNMM" in which M is any monovalent hydrocarbon radical or halogenated hydrocarbon radical as illustrated for R" above and M is H or a M group, or carboxylic amide radicals of the formula NMC=O(M") in M is any monovalent hydrocarbon radical of halogenated hydrocarbon radical as illustrated for R" above and M" is H or a M radical. X can also be the sulfate group or sulfate ester groups of the formula OSO (OM) where M is any monovalent hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon radical as above illustrated for R"; the cyano group; the isocyanate group; and the phosphate group or phosphate ester groups of the formula OPO(OM), in which M is any monovalent hydrocarbon of halogenated hydrocarbon radical as above illustrated for R".

The term hydrolyzable group means any group attached to the silicon which is hydrolyzed by water at room temperature.

As described above, the Z radicals in the siloxane copolymers can be the hydrogen atom, the hydroxyl group or any of the monovalent hydrocarbons or halohydrocarbons described with respect to R The siloxanes of the invention are resins, fluids, or elastomers, depending on the particular substituents on the silicon atom and the degree of polymerization. The resins find utility as coating compositions, the fluids as lubricants and the elastomers as sealants.

The following examples are illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the invention which is delineated in the claims.

EXAMPLE 1 Under a nitrogen atmosphere, grams (0.5 mole) of CH =CHCF,CF COOC,H was added dropwise to stirred mixture of 20 grams (0.53 mole) of LiAll-l, and 400 milliliters of dry ether. During the addition, the temperature was maintained at from 0 to 5 C. After completion of the addition, the reaction mixture was heated at reflux temperature for 3.5 hours. The excess EXAMPLE 2 lnto a stirred solution of 100 grams (0.63 mole) of CH =CHCF CF CH OH and 77 grams (0.76 mole) of triethyl amine in 300 milliliters of dry ether, there was added dropwise 60 grams (0.76 mole) of acetyl chloride. The addition was carried out at from to 5 C. After completion of the addition, the reaction mixture was heated at mild reflux for several hours while stirring. The salt was removed by filtration and, after removal of the ether, the filtrate was distilled to yield 1 grams of having aboiling point of 62 C./18 mm Hg. All spectral properties were in agreement with the assigned structure.

EXAMPLE 3 When the product of Example 3 is mixed with di-tbutyl peroxide and heated to a temperature in the range of l25-l50 C., polymers of the following unit structure are obtained:

-CHCH F20 F1CH10ICCH3 EXAMPLE 4 When the ester,

is copolymerized with CH =CH(CH,CH (CF, CH OH in amounts of 50 mol percent of each by heating a mixture of the two with di-t-butyl peroxide at 125 C.; a copolymer of units of the formulas is obtained.

EXAMPLE 5 When equimolar amounts of styrene and 6 are copolymerized by heating a mixture of the monomers at C. in the presence of benzoyl peroxide, a copolymer of units of the formulas C H C H and EXAMPLE 6 Under a nitrogen atmosphere, ll0 grams (0.63 mole) of (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)methylchlorosilane was added dropwise to a stirred mixture of 100 grams (0.5 mole) of and 0.3 milliliter of a 0.1 molar solution of chloroplatinic acid in isopropyl alcohol. During the addition the temperature was maintained at C. The reaction mixture was then heated at reflux temperature for 17 hours. Distillation of the reaction mixture gave 1 18 grams (63 percent yield) of pure C FaCHzCHgSl iCHaCHzC F10 FzCHaO El CH3 having a boiling point of 94 C./0.25 mm l lg. and a refractive index of l.3925. The spectral properties of the product were consistent with the assigned structure.

Upon heating a mixture of in the presence of a catalytic amount of di-t-butyl peroxide at reflux temperatures for about 16 hours, the above-described product was obtained.

EXAMPLE 7 Following the procedure described in Example 6, the reaction of with methyldichlorosilane in the presence of chloroplatinic acid yielded cmsicmcmc FgC FzCHrO fi CH3, Ch I 0 having a boiling point of 87 C./l.25 mm Hg. and a refractive index of 1.4145.

This same procedure gave ClaSlCHaCHaC FzC FaCHsO H) CH;

(boiling point of 2 c./o.7s mm H when Cl SiH was reacted with the 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-3-(vinyl)propyl acetate.

EXAMPLE 8 A solution of 10 grams (0.026 mole) of in milliliters of methanol was heated at reflux for 2 hours, after which the methanol and low boiling materials were removed by fractional distillation. The high boiling product was distilled under vacuum to yield 6.2 grams of CH3 CH1 HOCHzCFaCFgCHrCHzSiO-ElCHzCI-BCFlCFaCHaOH CH1 CH:

CH: CH:

CF: CFa

having a boiling point of 225 C./0.5 mm Hg. and a refractive index of 1.3925. The F" and H resonance spectra were in agreement with the assigned structure. This polymer had a viscosity of 300-500 cs. and was suitable for use as a lubricant.

EXAMPLE 9 The dichloro product of Example 7,

cms icmomofioi omopom,

was hydrolyzed in an aqueous sodium bictu' bonate ether solution at room temperature. The hydrolyzate was condensed by the addition of tetramethyl guanidine-acetic anhydride and heating at C./l5 mm Hg. for 24 hours to give a viscous fluid polymer of units of the formula radical in which R is a lower alkyl radical of no more than six carbon atoms;

n is an integer having a value of from 0 to 2.

2. A compound in accordance with claim 1 of the formula CH =CHCF CF CH,OH.

3. A compound in accordance with claim 1 of the formula 

1. Compounds of the formula CH2 CH(CH2CH2)nRfCH2OR, in which Rf is a perfluoroalkylene radical of no more than 18 carbon atoms; R is the hydrogen atom or a radical in which R'' is a lower alkyl radical of no more than six carbon atoms; n is an integer having a value of from 0 to
 2. 2. A compound in accordance with claim 1 of the formula CH2 CHCF2CF2CH2OH. 